Thermo-responsive hydrogels based on methylcellulose/Persian gum loaded with taxifolin enhance bone regeneration: an in vitro/in vivo study

In-situ forming hydrogels have gained noticeable attention to encapsulate osteogenic agents and regenerate irregular-shape bone defects. In this study, a novel thermosensitive hydrogel based on blended methylcellulose (MC) with Persian gum (PG) was fabricated enriched taxifolin (TAX) loaded halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) enhance mechanical biological characteristics of the in tissue engineering. The injectability, rheological tests were performed for different formulations containing 0.25–1.5 w/v% PG 1–7 HNTs. Also, evaluate impact HNTs behavior, degradation rate swelling degree assessed. optimized MC/PG/HNTs 1% 3% (MC/PG-1/HNTs 3%) easily injectable gelled rapidly at physiological temperature, while it had highest strength due existence vitro release study TAX from system also revealed more sustained compared HNTs-TAX nanoparticles. Furthermore, interaction cells osteo-conductivity studied using osteoblast-like (MG-63). Results showed higher cell adhesion, proliferation, gene expression MC/PG-1/HNTs-TAX MC/PG-1 MC/PG-1/HNTs possibly synergic effect TAX. addition, Alizarin Red S staining alkaline phosphatase measurements indicated that promoted differentiation. Eventually, animal studies femoral defects improved remedy when carrying MG-63 cells.